XPEHH/BFS.UGS/2/3

This page describes a signal of selection found in the Burkina Faso An. gambiae population when compared with the Uganda An. gambiae population using the XPEHH (Cite et al. 20XX) statistic.The focus of this signal is on chromosome arm 2R between positions 3,260,000 and 3,600,000. The evidence supporting this signal is strong (\Delta_{i} >= 100 on both flanks).

This signal overlaps the Ace1 locus, a genome region with prior evidence of an association with insecticide resistance and/or recent positive selection in Anopheles mosquitoes.

Signal location. Blue markers show the values of the selection statistic. The dashed black line shows the fitted peak model. The shaded red area shows the focus of the selection signal. The shaded blue area shows the genomic region in linkage with the selection event. Use the mouse wheel or the controls at the top right of the plot to zoom in, and hover over genes to see gene names and descriptions.

Genes

The following 33 genes overlap the focal region: AGAP001334, AGAP001335 (dynein light chain LC8-type), AGAP001336, AGAP001337, AGAP001338 (DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) box polypeptide 34), AGAP001339 (phosphatidylinositol glycan, class V), AGAP001340, AGAP001341 (bleomycin hydrolase), AGAP001342, AGAP001343 (fatty acyl-CoA reductase 2), AGAP001344, AGAP001345 (hexamerin), AGAP001346, AGAP001347, AGAP001348, AGAP001349 (chronic lymphocytic leukemia deletion region gene 6 protein-like protein), AGAP001350, AGAP001351, AGAP001352, AGAP0013533, AGAP0013543, AGAP0013553, AGAP0013562 (ACE1 - Acetylcholinesterase), AGAP001357 (beta-catenin-like protein 1), AGAP001358, AGAP001360, AGAP001361 (WD repeat-containing protein), AGAP001362 (polyadenylation factor subunit 2), AGAP001363 (cohesin loading complex subunit SCC4 homolog), AGAP001364 (Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1), AGAP001365, AGAP001366, AGAP001367 (beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase).

The following 6 genes are within 50 kbp of the focal region: AGAP001331, AGAP028467, AGAP001332, AGAP001333 (st - protein scarlet), AGAP001368, AGAP001369.

Key to insecticide resistance candidate gene types: 1 metabolic; 2 target-site; 3 behavioural; 4 cuticular.

Overlapping selection signals

The following selection signals have a focus which overlaps with the focus of this signal.

Signal Statistic Population Focus Peak model \Delta_{i} Max. percentile Known locus
IHS/BFS/2/2 IHS Burkina Faso An. gambiae 2R:3,380,000-3,900,000 635 99.2% Ace1
IHS/GNS/2/2 IHS Guinea An. gambiae 2R:3,020,000-3,280,000 461 98.4% nan

Diagnostics

The information below provides some diagnostics from the Peak modelling algorithm.

Selection signal in context. @@TODO

Peak targetting. @@TODO

Peak fitting diagnostics. @@TODO

Model fit reports

Peak model:

[[Model]]
    Model(skewed_exponential_peak)
[[Fit Statistics]]
    # function evals   = 28
    # data points      = 1154
    # variables        = 4
    chi-square         = 50.637
    reduced chi-square = 0.044
    Akaike info crit   = -3599.750
    Bayesian info crit = -3579.546
[[Variables]]
    center:      0 (fixed)
    amplitude:   0.76844901 +/- 0.040893 (5.32%) (init= 3)
    decay:       0.59521115 +/- 0.051654 (8.68%) (init= 0.5)
    skew:       -0.45820705 +/- 0.081756 (17.84%) (init= 0)
    baseline:    0.97448044 +/- 0.007732 (0.79%) (init= 1)
    ceiling:     100 (fixed)
    floor:       0 (fixed)
[[Correlations]] (unreported correlations are <  0.100)
    C(amplitude, decay)          = -0.599
    C(decay, baseline)           = -0.458
    C(decay, skew)               =  0.250

Null model:

[[Model]]
    Model(constant)
[[Fit Statistics]]
    # function evals   = 9
    # data points      = 1153
    # variables        = 1
    chi-square         = 73.813
    reduced chi-square = 0.064
    Akaike info crit   = -3167.119
    Bayesian info crit = -3162.069
[[Variables]]
    c:   1.04344552 +/- 0.007454 (0.71%) (init= 1)

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